Many people know that identity theft is a national problem. However, did you know that identity theft is more common among kids, teenagers, and college students than any other age group? In fact, a Carnegie Mellon University study of more than 40,000 children found that kids under the age of 18 were twice as likely as their parents to be victims of identity theft.
What is identity theft?
According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), it is a felony offense, where a fraud or scam is committed or attempted by using another person’s identifying information without their permission. According to the FTC, an identity thief can do the following:
- Buy things with your credit or debit cards
- Open new credit cards and bank accounts in your name
- Steal your tax refund
- Get medical care in your name
- Pretend to be you if they are arrested
How do identity thieves work?
Identity thieves don’t need much information to steal someone’s identity. A name, address, Social Security Number, and birth date are more than enough for a stranger to pretend to be you. Identity thieves prefer to steal a teen or college student’s identity because they usually have blank credit reports.
Common ways identity thieves can steal your personal information. They can:
- Hack into your computers, phones, or tablets, all of which contain a lot of personal information and passwords, and steal the data.
- Send a real looking email that directs you to a phony website and asks for your personal and financial information (commonly referred to as phishing).
- Steal your purse or wallet, which contains your debit, credit, and identification cards. Thieves don’t just want your cash; they also want your license, debit and credit cards, and your Social Security Number.
- Steal your information from the garbage by dumpster diving.
Most people don’t think identity theft will happen to them. Unless you check your credit scores often, identity theft can go unnoticed for a long time. You may not become aware that something is wrong until you apply for a student loan or your first credit card.
How do I protect myself from identity theft?
You can lower your risk of being a victim of identity theft. Here’s how:
- Never give out your Social Security Number, driver’s license number, birth date, home address, or other personal information to anyone except your parent(s) or guardian. If you are asked to provide personal information online or by phone, you should find out why the information is needed and how that information will be used. Once you know this information, talk to your parent(s) or guardian(s). Never agree to give out any personal information before you talk to a trusted adult.
- Keep an eye on credit card and bank account statements. Review your accounts regularly, and talk to a trusted adult if you see that a purchase was made using your credit or debit card.
- Shred any documents that contain personal information, such as receipts, credit card offers, credit card statements, and bank statements. Any document that has your social security number, date of birth, or account number should be shredded before throwing them in the trash. As you get older, you will likely be getting a lot of credit card offers in the mail, so make sure you shred those offers instead of simply tossing them away.
- Pick up your mail every day from your family’s mailbox, as identity thieves can steal pieces of mail with your personal information.
- Activate your password and lock features on your cell phone, laptop, computer, and tablet. Complex passwords are more secure than simple ones. Change your passwords often, and make sure to choose a long password that is a combination of numbers and letters, and does not contain any words you would find in a dictionary. Be sure to use a different password for every website or social media account, and never share your password with anyone other than your parents or a trusted adult—not even with your best friend, or partner.
- Do not share your personal information on social media, such as your home address and birth date.
- Disclose information only on trustworthy websites. If you have to give personal information, such as when online shopping or banking, make sure the website is secure.
- Be careful when using public Wifi. Public WiFi, like that available in coffee shops, is not secure. When connected to public WiFi, do not do any online banking or other activities that require sharing personal information such as passwords.
- Make your social networking websites private and do not rely on default settings.
- Carry only what you need in your wallet, such as your credit card and identification cards. Never carry your social security card.
- Keep your personal information in a safe place and out of sight.
- Memorize your PIN for your ATM card. Carrying anything in your wallet with your pin number is risky.
- Check your annual credit reports or ask your parent(s) or guardian(s) for their help to obtain them. The credit reports will show any unusual activity which might mean that someone has created a credit card in your name. There is a federal law, which allows you to obtain a free credit report once a year. You can request credit reports from annualcreditreport.com or call 877-322-8228.
What should I do if I think I am a victim of identity theft?
- Tell a parent, guardian, or other trusted adult immediately.
- Try to document as much as possible, including dates of when purchases were made, and taking screenshots of bank account information.
- File a police report with your local police department.
- Call one of the three major credit-reporting companies (Experian, Equifax, or TransUnion). The agency will not only notify the other two agencies, they will also place a fraud alert on your account.
- Call your credit card company if you notice any chargers on your bill that you did not make.
- Close any accounts or credit cards that you know have been used by identity thieves.
- File a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The FTC has a database that the police use to find identity thieves. The FTC can help you find out what the next steps are. The FTC toll free hotline is: 877-IDTHEFT.
- Check out these resources from the Better Business Bureau: http://www.bbb.org/chicago/get-consumer-help/identity-theft/resources/
Our health guides are developed through a systematic, rigorous process to ensure accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness. Written and reviewed by experienced healthcare clinicians from Boston Children's Hospital, a Harvard Medical School teaching hospital and consistently ranked as a top hospital by Newsweek and U.S. News & World Report, these guides combine clinical expertise, specialized knowledge, and evidence-based medicine. We also incorporate research and best practices from authoritative sources such as the CDC, NIH, PubMed, top medical journals, and UpToDate.com. Clinical specialists and subject matter experts review and edit each guide, reinforcing our commitment to high-quality, factual, scientifically accurate health information for young people.