Protein

Protein Power:

A Guide for Teens

What should I know about protein?

Your body needs protein every day to build and repair muscles and other body tissues, to make hormones, and to make enzymes that it needs to function normally (enzymes speed up and help certain chemical reactions to occur in your body). If you don't eat enough protein, your body may start to break down your muscle.

Proteins are made up of building blocks called amino acids. There are about twenty different amino acids, and your body can actually make some of them. There are nine amino acids, however, that your body can't make. These are called essential amino acids and the only way to get them is through the food you eat. It is important to eat a variety of protein foods every day to make sure your body gets these essential amino acids.

What foods should I eat to get the protein my body needs?

Meat, fish, turkey, chicken, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, and soy are good sources of protein that have all nine essential amino acids. Plant foods such as legumes (beans and peas), nuts, peanut butter, and seeds are also good sources of protein but may be missing some of the essential amino acids. If you are a vegetarian, it's important to eat a variety of legumes, nuts, seeds, grains, and vegetables every day in order to get all of the essential amino acids.

How much protein do I need each day?

The amount of protein that you need depends on your age, body size, and how active you are. Most teens need between 40 and 50 grams each day. Look below to figure out about how much protein you need.

If you are 13 years old or younger: Multiply your weight in pounds by 0.43; this gives you about how many grams of protein you need each day. For example, a 12 year-old who weighs 100 lbs would need about 43 grams of protein (100 lbs x 0.43 = 43).

If you are 14-18 years old: Multiply your weight in pounds by 0.39 to estimate how many grams of protein you need each day. For example, a 16 year-old who weighs 120 lbs would need about 47 grams of protein (120 lbs x 0.39 = 47).

Keep in mind that this is just an estimate and that certain people, such as athletes, may need slightly more protein. Now that you know about how much protein you should eat every day, it is helpful to know how much protein is in the foods you eat!

Listed below is a table with some good sources of protein and the grams of protein in each serving.

Food	Grams per serving

Fish (3 ounces)	21
Beef (3 ounces)	21
Chicken (3 ounces)	21
Shrimp (3 ounces)	21
Tempeh (1/2 cup)	15
Yogurt (1 cup)	11
Tofu (1/2 cup)	9
Lentils, cooked (1/2 cup)	9
Cow's milk (1 cup)	8
Peanut butter (2 tablespoons)	8
Beans, cooked (1/2 cup)	7
Cheese (1 ounce)	7
Soy milk (1 cup)	7
Hummus (1/3 cup)	7
Egg, cooked (3 ounces)	7
Miso (2 tablespoons)	4
Millet (1/2 cup)	4
Bulgur, kasha, oats, cooked (1/2 cup)	3

What's the deal with protein supplements?

There are lots of different protein supplements that come as powders, shakes, and bars. Although some extra protein is needed to build muscle, most people get plenty of protein from food and getting extra from supplements does not have any benefit. Protein supplements cannot increase muscle mass, strength, or endurance. In fact, some protein shakes and supplements may be harmful to your body, and they are very expensive too! Eating enough calories is actually more important for building muscle. Without enough calories, your body can't build new muscle. Be sure to talk to your health care provider or nutritionist if you are taking protein supplements or thinking about it.

Recipe Ideas:

Here are some easy ways for you to get your daily protein!

Breakfast- toast with peanut butter, scrambled eggs (or egg substitute) with cheese and salsa rolled in a tortilla, or a poached egg on an English muffin
Snacks- string cheese, yogurt, or hummus with carrots

Lunch- cold-cuts with veggies and cheese in a sandwich or wrap, or a bean burrito

Dinner- baked or grilled fish, turkey burger, stir-fried tofu or chicken with veggies, or chili with cornbread

Remember: Try to include some protein at every meal. It will help keep your muscles strong!

Written by the Center for Young Women's Health Staff

Updated 9/21/2005

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